|
Style
|
Purpose
|
Motivation
|
Listener Behaviors
|
| Appreciative |
To relax and enjoy |
-
Entertainment
-
Inspiration
-
Enjoyment
-
Fun
|
-
Find humor
-
Attend to content and style
-
Suspend disbelief
|
| Empathetic |
To support the speaker emotionally |
-
Provide an opportunity for expression
-
Give acceptance without judging
-
Learn from others
|
-
Affirm visibly
-
Let speaker talk
-
Ask open-ended questions
-
Remain relatively silent
|
| Discerning |
To get complete and accurate information |
-
Determine main message
-
Sort details
-
Learn speaker's priorities
|
-
Concentrate
-
Take notes
-
Ask for specific clarification
|
| Comprehensive |
To organize and make sense of information |
-
Relate message to listener's experience
-
Understand relationships of ideas
-
Understand conceptual support
|
-
Show enlightenment
-
See related ideas
-
Summarize frequently
|
| Evaluative |
To make a decision |
-
Relate message to beliefs
-
Assess message validity
-
Obtain factual support
-
Accept or reject message
|
-
Suspicious or skeptical
-
Question speaker's motives
-
Challenge speaker
-
Quit listening after deciding to reject
|